Wasn’t aware of that thanks

They do have the ability for sanctions, the USA hoewer has veto on that so…

No they only have jurisdiction if the crimes are either committed by a member state or in a member state.

Every party HS a different system. The conservatives have their MPs select two candidates in multiple rounds of voting to put in front of all their members.

Labour has a system where a candidate needs to have a minimum support from their MPs too but it’s still an election from labour members and supporters. They rank their candidates I believe